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# API Enhancements to the JavaBeansTM Component API in v1.4

> This document describes changes to the `java.beans` package that were introduced in version 1.4 of the Java 2 Platform, Standard Edition:
> - New API for Long-Term Persistence
> - Other API Additions
> - Changes to the Introspector
> - Garbage Collection and Custom Attributes

> ### New API for Long-Term Persistence

> To support long-term persistence, the following classes were added:

> Class | Description
> --- | ---
> `Statement` | An object that represents a method call, possibly with arguments, upon an object. For example: `a.setFoo(b)`.
> `Expression` | A statement that returns a result. For example: `a.getFoo()`.
> `XMLDecoder` | Reads XML documents that were created using `XMLEncoder`.
> `Encoder` | Uses persistence delegates to break an object graph down into a series of `Statement`s and `Expression`s that can be used to recreate it.
> `XMLEncoder` | An `Encoder` that produces statements and expressions in an XML encoding.
> `PersistenceDelegate` | An abstract class that defines objects that can express the state of another object using the public methods of that object's class.
> `DefaultPersistenceDelegate` | The persistence delegate used, by default, for beans.

> See JavaBeans Component API for links to where you can find more information about long-term persistence.

> ### Other API Additions

> The following classes were also added in v1.4:

> Class | Description
> --- | ---
> `EventHandler` | Provides support for dynamically generating event listeners that have a small footprint and can be saved automatically by the persistence scheme.
> `ExceptionListener` | Defines a listener to be notified when a exception was thrown but then recovered from. You can register an exception listener on an `XMLEncoder` or `XMLDecoder` object to be notified when the object encounters a recoverable problem while writing or reading a bean.
> `PropertyChangeListenerProxy` | A proxy that implements `PropertyChangeListener` and serves to group another `PropertyChangeListener` (the real event handler) with a specific property; the proxy forwards property change events to the real event handler.
> `VetoableChangeListenerProxy` | A proxy that implements `VetoableChangeListener` and serves to group another `VetoableChangeListener` (the real event handler) with a specific constrained property; the proxy forwards vetoable property change events to the real event handler.

> The following classes have additional methods:

> - The `PropertyChangeSupport` class now contains a no-argument method to get all the registered property change listeners: `getPropertyChangeListeners`.
> - Similarly, the `VetoableChangeSupport` class now contains a no-argument method to get all the registered vetoable change listeners: `getVetoableChangeListeners`.

> ### Changes to the Introspector

> The `Introspector` class has been reimplemented, and its performance has improved. The new implementation has caused the following changes in the behavior of the introspector:
> - `FeatureDescriptor`s are now shared on a per-`BeanInfo` basis, rather than copied when the `BeanInfo` is returned. This change improves the performance of the `getBeanInfo` method. It also means that when an attribute/value in a `FeatureDescriptor` changes, that change is persistent among `getBeanInfo` invocations as long as the `BeanInfo` is not garbage collected. (Garbage collection of `BeanInfo`s is described in Garbage Collection and Custom Attributes.)
> - The `getBeanInfo` methods no longer create a copy of the requested `BeanInfo`. Instead, they cache the `BeanInfo` and return it. If necessary, you can get the old behavior by storing a reference to the returned `BeanInfo` and using the `flushFromCaches` method to flush the bean's class from the introspector's cache.
> - If the `instantiate` method can't instantiate a particular class using the sibling or bootstrap class loader, it now tries to load the class using the current thread's class loader.

> ### Garbage Collection and Custom Attributes

> As of v 1.4, a `BeanInfo` can be garbage collected when no direct references to it exist and the system is low on memory. This is implemented in the `Introspector` by wrapping `BeanInfo`s in `SoftReference`s.

> The possibility of garbage collection affects how you store custom attributes inside `BeanInfo`s. If a particular `BeanInfo` is garbage collected, then the next time you invoke `Introspector.getBeanInfo` to get the `BeanInfo`, the returned object won't contain any custom attributes.

> To avoid this problem, if you store custom attributes inside a `BeanInfo` you must ensure that the `BeanInfo` is correctly initialized with those attributes every time you retrieve the `BeanInfo`. The following is an example of initializing a `BeanInfo` class with a custom property in the bean descriptor. The code would be similar for a custom attribute in a property descriptor, method descriptor, or event set descriptor.

> >     BeanInfo beanInfo = getBeanInfo(SomeBean.class);
> >     BeanDescriptor beanDescriptor = beanInfo.getBeanDescriptor();

> >     /*
> >      * Before using the BeanInfo, check to see if our custom
> >      * property has been initialized.  (Even if we initialized
> >      * it before, if the BeanInfo has been garbage collected,
> >      * then we need to initialize it again.)  Since our custom
> >      * property's value could be null, we define another property
> >      * to tell us if the custom property is initialized.
> >      */
> >     if (beanDescriptor.getValue("myProperty_init") == null) {
> >         beanDescriptor.setValue("myProperty", someValue);
> >         beanDescriptor.setValue("myProperty_init", Boolean.TRUE);
> >     }

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