nmaterial in the course of “Microcomputer System Laboratory” for several years.
q個人用電腦(Personal
Computer, PC)
個人用電腦的硬體仍由單板微電腦、顯示器、標準鍵盤、及磁碟機所組成；而軟體部份則由操作系統及一些應用程式所組成。早期最具代表性的個人用電腦有西元1977年蘋果電腦公司推出的 Apple
II (CPU 採用 MOS Technology
公司之 6502;
16 KB RAM; 12 KB
ROM) 及西元1981年 IBM 公司推出的 IBM PC (CPU 採用 Intel 公司之 8088; 256 KB
RAM; 8 KB ROM)。
The hardware of a PC is composed
of a single board computer, a display, a standard keyboard, and disk drive(s). And its software is
composed of an operating system and application programs. The most representative early PCs are
Apple II from Apple Computer, Inc. and IBM PC from IBM corporation.
(1977 A. D.) Apple II
lCPU:
MOSTEK 6502
lRAM: 16
KB (up to 48 KB)
lROM: 12
KB for Monitor, BASIC interpreter, and user programs.
(1983 A. D.) IBM PC-XT
lCPU:
Intel 8088
lRAM:
256 KB (up to 640 KB)
lROM:
8KB (up to 40 KB)
